Found it!
Here it is (thanks @kargl for the tip how to find it!):
1.00000048
That requires all 9 digits to print. If you only print 8 digits, and read it back, you get 1.00000036, which is a different number. Test code:
real :: x
x = 1.00000048
print *, x
x = 1.0000004
print *, x
end
This prints:
1.00000048
1.00000036
Conclusion: you need to print 9 digits for single precision and 17 digits for double precision to not lose any accuracy.