Overloading functions with optional arguments

15.5.2.12(1):

A dummy argument or an entity that is host associated with a dummy argument is not present if the dummy argument
  • does not correspond to an actual argument,
  • corresponds to an actual argument that is not present, or
  • does not have the ALLOCATABLE or POINTER attribute, and corresponds to an actual argument that
    – has the ALLOCATABLE attribute and is not allocated, or
    – has the POINTER attribute and is disassociated;
otherwise, it is present.
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