I have encountered what looks like the same problem as in this topic, and attempted to solve it by reinstalling VSCode and then all the extensions. The Modern Fortran extension cannot be installed from within VSCode because “this extension is not signed by the Extension Marketplace”:
I have been able to install other extensions with no trouble, so even though the extension webpage doesn’t indicate any problem I think there is something wrong.
Thank you for looking into this! I encountered the same issue and I really need to download the extension soon to start my assignment . If you could update the verification tokens when you have a chance, it would be a great help!